An email can encounter a network cloud within a large company or ISP, or the largest network cloud in existence: the Internet. The network cloud may encompass a multitude of mail servers, DNS servers, routers, lions, tigers, bears wolves!
These are prone to be slow when processing an unusually heavy load, temporarily unable to receive an email when taken down for maintenance, and sometimes may not have identified themselves properly to the Internet through the Domain Name System DNS so that other MTAs in the network cloud are unable to deliver mail as addressed.
These devices may be protected by firewalls, spam filters and malware detection software that may bounce or even delete an email.
When an email is deleted by this kind of software, it tends to fail silently , so the sender is given no information about where or when the delivery failure occurred. Email service providers and other companies that process a large volume of email often have their own, private network clouds. These organizations commonly have multiple mail servers, and route all email through a central gateway server i.
The email in the diagram is addressed to someone at another company, so it enters an email queue with other outgoing email messages. If there is a high volume of mail in the queue—either because there are many messages or the messages are unusually large, or both—the message will be delayed in the queue until the MTA processes the messages ahead of it. When transferring an email, the sending MTA handles all aspects of mail delivery until the message has been either accepted or rejected by the receiving MTA.
As the email clears the queue, it enters the Internet network cloud, where it is routed along a host-to-host chain of servers. The exact route depends partly on server availability and mostly on which MTA can be found to accept email for the domain specified in the address.
Most email takes a path that is dependent on server availability, so a pair of messages originating from the same host and addressed to the same receiving host could take different paths. These days, it's mostly spammers that specify any part of the path, deliberately routing their message through a series of relay servers in an attempt to obscure the true origin of the message.
Beginning with the root nameservers at the top-level domain. There are 13 root servers serving the top-level domains e. These root servers refer requests for a given domain to the root name servers that handle requests for that tld. In practice, this step is seldom necessary. The MTA can bypass this step because it has already knows which domain name servers handle requests for these. When is transferring messages, it is called an MTA. The sending MTA asks if the host accepts messages for the recipient's username at that domain i.
The transfer process described in the last step is somewhat simplified. An email may be transferred to more than one MTA within a network cloud and is likely to be passed to at least one firewall before it reaches it's destination. The sending and receiving servers communicate using the SMTP protocol. The receiving server accepts the message so that it can be delivered to the recipient.
How do email clients download a message? You can learn more about the inner workings of email delivery with these resources: Email : This Wikipedia article delves into the history of email as well as its many technical details. It links out to several supporting articles that flesh out the main subject.
Email API : Learn more about how e-commerce and other systems can generate transactional email very efficiently. Cloud Email Delivery : Learn more about how systems the SparkPost email delivery service work to make large-scale email transmission and delivery practical.
To learn more about how to improve email message flow and practices for good email deliverability , these resources are a good place to begin: Email Best Practices : This guide offers 15 best practices for improving your email deliverability. Bluetie Feedback Loop — BlueTie offers a feedback loop service, operated by Return Path, free of charge, to parties sending large amounts of mail to BlueTie members. Click to read instructions on how to get accepted into the program.
United Online Feedback Loop — This lengthy application form also acts as a white list request. You may need to consult your Email Service Provider or IT team to get the information needed for this form. Feedback Loop Form — Yahoo! Charter Feedback Loop — unblock charter. From there, you can re-send not forward the original message with your plea to be unblocked to unblock charter. Earthlink Feedback Loop — fblrequest abuse. Excite Feedback Loop: fb-loop bluetie. Use the information list above to determine what information to send to these email addresses.
They use contact lists plus extensive filters to determine what gets delivered to an inbox. They do have a bulk sender contact form however, if you feel that some of your messages are incorrectly marked as spam. You can use G-Lock Analytics service to track your emails so you know if they were opened and read.
Email blast tracking reports are presented in the textual and graphical format. You can also view the geographical localization of unique opens of your email message. These factors play a very important role in the email delivery process….
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